Kwiveki ephelileyo, uSuperman ufumene amandla amakhulu. Yohlobo lwe. Obu buchule, uBatman abubiza ngokuba yi-super-flare, eneneni kukwandiswa kombono wobushushu ka-Clark Kent, ekuthiwa iminyaka emininzi ngoku usebenza ngokugxotha ngokuthe ngqo imitha yelanga exhobisa iiseli zakhe kunye nezikhuthaza amandla akhe amaninzi. Ngoku, ukusukela nge Superman # 38, uNyana wokuGqibela waseKrypton unokuphinda avelise ZONKE iindawo zokugcina amandla elanga kuqhushumbo olunye olonakalisayo. Kunye nayo nayiphi na into etshabalalisayo ngaphakathi kwemayile enye, ishiya iqhawe lingenamandla kangangeeyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine (kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide ukubuyela kumandla apheleleyo).
Ndiyawathanda la mandla (nangona ndikhetha ukuvutha kwelanga, njenge-super-flare izandi ngakumbi njengokuhamba komdaniso we-epic). Ndicinga ukuba iyavakala njengolwandiso lombono wobushushu kwaye ihambisa umhlaba omtsha wokudlala. Kodwa ndiwabonile amanqaku aliqela kwaye ndeva abantu abaninzi besithi la mandla yindlela yokulungisa uSuperman kunye namabali akhe. Ingxoxo yeyokuba ufuna indlela entsha yokumdodobalisa ngoba usenamandla kakhulu ukuba anganomdla, nangona enokwenzakaliswa yiKryptonite, umlingo, iindlela ezithile zemitha kunye namandla, ukungabikho ixesha elide kwemitha yelanga, umoya othile iiarhente, ukungabikho kweoksijini, ubuchwephesha kunye nohlaselo lwengqondo, uhlaselo oluncinci, kunye neentshaba ezilinganisa okanye ezigqithile kwinqanaba lamandla akhe (elinika ingxelo kubantu abangaphezulu kweshumi kwi-DC Comics Universe). Ingxoxo enamandla kakhulu iyandikhathaza. I-Super-flare ngumbono opholileyo wokuphonononga, kodwa ayisosithako esilahlekileyo sokuxelela amabali eSuperman anomdla kwaye afanelekileyo; iqhinga elikhulu kukungabi nazintloni ngumlinganiswa.
Amandla kaSuperman abe neenkcazo ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo kule minyaka idlulileyo. Ngomdlalo wakhe wokuqala ka-1938, IiComics zokuSebenza # 1, yathi abantu beplanethi yaseKrypton yayiyinguqulelo eqhubele phambili kuluntu. UClark Kent wayeyindoda yangomso xa kuthelekiswa nabantu baseMhlabeni, bebonisa amandla amakhulu, isantya, amandla, kunye nokumelana nokwenzakala. Yayiyiyo leyo. Akukho moya, akukho mbono wobushushu, akukho moya upholileyo. Xa uSuperman efumene isihloko sakhe sedwa ukongeza kwiihambo zakhe IiComics zokuSebenza uthotho, saxelelwa ukuba amandla akhe nawo ayenokubangelwa nguMhlaba onamandla amxhuzulane kunaseKrypton. Le mbono yayisaziwa kwiminyaka eyadlulayo kumabali kaJohn Carter nguEdgar Rice Burroughs, ogama lakhe lesidwangube lalingumntu ongenasiphelo (ngokunokwenzeka ongafiyo) owathi emva koko wazuza amandla amakhulu, isantya kunye nokuqina kwimeko-bume yesijikelezi-langa uMars, apho waba ligorha . Umqambishelana weSuperman uJerry Siegel wathi wayephefumlelwe ngokuthe ngqo ngamabali ezesayensi kaJohn Carter waseMars.
Njengoko iminyaka yayiqhubeka, uClark Kent wayeqhubeka ekhula kwinqanaba lamandla, inani lezakhono, kunye nodumo. Uvele kumaphephandaba ahlukeneyo, kwimidlalo yoopopayi, nakwinkqubo kanomathotholo yesizwe. Ekuqaleni kwee-1940, ukusasazwa kwakhe kwakungaphaya kwe-1,250,000 ngenyanga. Konke oku kwenzeka ngaphandle kwento yokuba wayenamandla amakhulu kunama-90% eentshaba zakhe kwaye uninzi lwamaqhawe akhe avela ekupapashweni. Abanye benu banokuthi, Ewe, wayeneKryptonite, ke oko kufanele ukuba kubonelele ngomdlalo weqonga. Ilitye elinemitha yeathomityhefu elatyhefa uSuperman alizange livele kumdlalo kanomathotholo kude kube ngo-1943, kwaye alikaveli kwiincwadi ezihlekisayo kude kube ngo-1949. Nangona kunjalo, kwaye ayingobantwana kuphela abamfundayo.
Ngaphezu koko, uSuperman uqhubeke nokukhula emandleni nasemva kokungeniswa kweKryptonite. Njengasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1950 kwaziswa iSilver Age yeeKomikhi, ibali likaSuperman lahlaziywa. Ingcaciso entsha yayikukuba i-Kryptonian ayinamandla kwi-Krypton, phantsi kwelanga elibomvu, kodwa inamandla okufunxa, igcine kwaye isebenze kwimitha yelanga elincinci, elishushu nelityheli njengalo loMhlaba. Njengokuba ukumnika lo mthombo wamafutha ungenasiphelo kwakungonelanga, isinxibo sikaClark saphinde sacingelwa kwiSilver Age njengoko senziwe ngemicu yendalo yaseKryptonia ekwakusetyenzwa ngayo amandla elanga, isenza ilokhwe iyunifomu ingabi yimibala nje kodwa isebenzise. Yayingasindi, isikrweqe esingenakutshatyalaliswa.
Oku kufanele ukuba kube kuninzi, kunene? Oku kufanele ukuba kwenziwe wonke umntu ajike athi hayi, unamandla kakhulu. Endaweni yoko, ii-comics zikaSuperman zanyuka zathandwa ngokutsha, zizisa amabali amatsha kunye nabalinganiswa abanjengomzala wakhe uSupergirl, uKrypto iSuperdog, isiXeko seBhotile saseKandor (sigcwele abantu baseKryptonia abancinci), iNqaba yeSolitude. Siyabona ukuba ngexesha lakhe lokufikisa, uClark ufumana ukwamkelwa kunye nobuhlobo kunye noMkhosi weSuper-Heroes, iqela labantwana abanamandla amakhulu ukusuka kwinkulungwane ye-30. UClark utyelela eli xesha elizayo amaxesha amaninzi ngaphambi kokuba akhule abe nguSuperman, okuthetha ukuba ithemba lakhe kunye nokuzithemba njengomntu omkhulu ayilulo ukholo kuphela kodwa luvo olunolwazi; ubonile ngokoqobo okunokufezekiswa luluntu kwiminyaka eliwaka. Ukuba bafaka umsebenzi kuyo. 
Abanye abantu baye baphikisa ukuba uSuperman kufuneka abuyele kwinqanaba lamandla awayenalo ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-30 nakwiminyaka yama-40s yokuqala, ukuba wayeyinyani ngakumbi ngelo xesha. Ndifumana ukucinga apho, kodwa oku kusengumbono oguqulweyo. Xa wazibonakalisa ngo-1938 kwezo zakhono, oko kwakumangalisa abafundi. Akukho namnye owakhe wabona umlinganiswa wencwadi ehlekisayo njengangaphambili. Bekungekho amanye amagorha ajikelezileyo anamandla afana naye nangayiphi na indlela, le ndoda eyayinxibe imibala ephambili, iimoto eziphakanyisiweyo kunye noololiwe abagqithileyo behamba ngesantya esiphezulu. Abafundi babethabatheka kukungenakwenzeka kwayo kwaye kukuba le ndoda isebenzise amandla ayo ukulwa nobubi ababeboyike. Umgca wethegi wokuqala weSuperman yayiyintshatsheli yabacinezelweyo. Akazange alandele nje oososayensi abaphambeneyo, kodwa abanini-mhlaba abonakele, amahlokondiba, abezopolitiko abonakeleyo, kunye nabantu abahlasela abantu basetyhini. Ukhuthaze ukuzincama kunye nokuthanda izinto ngexesha lobumnyama. Wayengenamonde ngenxa yokugxeka nokuzingca kunye neentshaba ezazithetha inkunkuma ngoncumo njengendawo yenkwenkwana uCaptain Kirk.
Namhlanje, uninzi luthetha ngendlela ezazihlekisa ngayo iiSomics zeSilver Age. Qikelela ukuba? Babenjalo kufanelekile ukuba sisidenge. Bezenzelwe ukuba zibekho kumnandi. Akukho mntu wayecinga ukuba liphezulu, idrama ephucukileyo xa uSuperman ejongana nabantu abenza ubugqi, esilwa nabantu abangoyisiyo abenza iidolophu ezincinci njengendawo yokuzilibazisa, okanye wadibana negorila eyadubula imisebe yeKryptonite emehlweni akhe (kwakutheni yonke lonto Kwimuvi, eneneni?). La mabali ahlekisa, ewe. Abanye babebakhulu kwaye abanye bengamahlwempu. Kodwa nabo bahluphekileyo bayakwazisa ukuba nantoni na enokwenzeka kwi-Superman comic. Yayingumbono ongathandabuzekiyo osongelwe ngephepha elibomvu lefantasy yesayensi.
Ezinye zezo ntsomi zazicwecwe ngakumbi xa ubanike ukujonga okwesibini. Isinxibo esingenakoyiswa esibonakala njengelaphu eliqhelekileyo siphinda-phinda iintsomi ezinje ngoHercules kunye nengubo yakhe yengonyama engenakufikeleleka. Cinga ngebali apho uSuperman afumana iprojektha kayise iPhantom Zone, efikelela kumda wentolongo ongenasiphelo apho abakhohlakeleyo baseKrypton bakhona njengomoya onemizimba, ama-echoes abo bangaphambili. Beka enye indlela, utata kaSuperman umshiya nesitshixo esihogweni. Yilaa ntloko yamandongomane! Kwaye kuthekani ngesimboli esibuhlungu seKryptonite? Iziqwenga zokugqibela zekhaya likaClark, umhlaba onokuthi abazali bakhe bahamba kuwo, ngoku bayityhefu kuye.
Ukulinganisa amabali angenangqondo, onwabileyo, bekukho amabali ahlukeneyo apho uSuperman ekhathazeka malunga nabahlobo bakhe, ejongene nethuba lokuphulukana nomsebenzi awuthandayo, kwaye uphazanyiswa ziingxaki amandla akhe angenakuzichaphazela. Xa uClark ngengozi ebangela ukuba umzalwana wakhe owamkelweyo u-Mon-El ahlupheke ngokufa, uziva enetyala kwaye etshabalalisiwe kukuba amandla akhe akanakunyanga lo mfana ngomlingo. UClark unokuthumela kuphela uMon-El kwiPantom Zone engapheliyo kwaye unethemba lokuba uya kufumana unyango ngenye imini. Nokuba ixesha lokuhamba elinaye, uClark akaze akwazi ukuyilungisa le mpazamo, ngakumbi kuthintela ezinye iintlekele ezinje ngokutshatyalaliswa kweKrypton okanye ukusweleka kwabazali bakhe abamkelweyo. Njengomfundi, nokuba uSuperman Age Superman kufuneka amkele umda othile kunye nelahleko. Ukuba uyajija, uyajija kwaye akukho kubuya mva. Kuya kufuneka ajongane neziphumo. Loo mabali amenza wangumntu ngaphezu kweKryptonite okanye ukulahleka okwethutyana kwamagunya akhe awenza.
Kodwa kwenzeka into. Ukuthengisa kwawa kwaye bekukho umbono okhulayo wokuba Indoda yensimbi ayisebenzi. Kwakukho namanye amabali agqwesileyo afana no-Elliot S! UMaggin kufuneka abekhona uSuperman? Kodwa abafundi abaninzi abasabonanga iqhawe njengegunya elinamandla amakhulu kunye ne-cowboy swagger ebhabha kwindalo engenamda. Endaweni yokuba athathwe njengomntu onegunya lokuzama ukugcina imeko ekuyo abantu abaninzi nangakumbi beqhankqalaza, umntu onamandla kakhulu kwaye enelungelo lokuba umfundi ophakathi axhumane naye.
Ngokuqinisekileyo zazikho ezinye iincwadi ezihlekisayo ezanceda lo mfanekiso, njengoko kwakusenziwa kwimemori yolonwabo kodwa phantse ngendlela eyothusayo eyabonisa umabonwakude ka-1950 no-George Reeves. Njengoko yayithandwa njengomboniso ngomhla wayo, kamva, isizukulwane esingenangqondo sabubona njengobungqina bokuba uClark wayephelelwe lixesha. Kwangokunjalo, iifilimu ezimbini zokuqala zikaSuperman ezinenkwenkwezi uChristopher Reeve zamkelwe kakuhle, kodwa USuperman iii kwaye USuperman IV yayingamabali angathandekiyo abonakala ngathi alichukumisa iqhawe njengenkwenkwe eyomeleleyo. Intle ebantwaneni, kodwa intle kakhulu, inyanisekile kwaye ayinakuphikiswa, kunye nokusilela kakhulu ekuzaziseni, ukunika abafundi abadala nantoni na enexabiso elibi. 
Isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-50 se-DC, Ingxaki kumhlaba ongapheliyo, kukhokelele ekubeni inkampani ivuselele ngokutsha i-superhero yayo ngo-1986. USuperman wavuselelwa kunye nenyaniso yakhe yonke. Amanqanaba akhe ombutho ancitshisiwe aye kumanqanaba anyanisekayo nangaphezulu, ngelixa uninzi lwezinto ngaye ezazithathwa njengezothusayo okanye ezingenangqondo zazitsaliwe. Okubangela umdla (kwaye ngokungaqhelekanga), ngoku wayengaphantsi komlindelo kunangaphambili, njengoko i-Post-Crisis Superman ikhawuleza inikwe igunya elisemthethweni ngusodolophu wase Metropolis. Abanye abantu bathe ukuthoba amandla akhe kwenza wonke umahluko, kodwa kwanolu hlobo lukaClark lunokunyibilikisa imipu ngokujonga kubo, phakamisa QE II ngaphandle kwengxaki, kwaye sisinde kuqhushumbo lwenyukliya. Ngokwe-DC's Ngubani Ngubani uthotho, i-1980's Post-Crisis Superman yomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingaphakamisa enye yeepiramidi zase-Egypt ngentla kwentloko yakhe (ukuba ungayenza loo nto ngaphandle kokuyaphula kwinkqubo). Ngaba oko akukwenzi ukuba afane nothixo xa kuthelekiswa nomnye umfundi? Ngaba inqanaba lamandla liyinyani ngakumbi kunokwakheka komzimba wangaphambili?
Ngayiphi na imeko, uhlaziyo lusebenze ekufumaneni umdla wokufunda omtsha kunye nokunika umlinganiswa ukungcangcazela okufuneka kakhulu. Kancinci, i-DC yaphinda yazisa izinto ezinjengeNqaba kunye neBottle City yaseKandor, ngoku kwiifom ezintsha. Kodwa ukuthengisa kwakungeyona nto babenokuyenza kwaye i-DC yaphinda yazichaphazela ngamandla kaSuperman. Amabali aliqela kwii-80s kunye nee-90s abonisa ukuba ulahlekelwe lithuba lakhe okwethutyana. Ibali elinye le-arc limbuyisele kumanqanaba ombane wangaphambi kweCrisis, kodwa uSuperman wahlupheka ngenxa yokuguquka okubuhlungu, ngokungathi usixelela ukuba akufuneki silinge ukuba abe njengakuqala, hayi ukuba simthanda ngokwenene.
Kwaphela unyaka, uClark wafumana i-enery-based costume kunye nesethi yamandla ukwenzela ukuba abafundi bambone kunzima ukutshatisa kwaye afunde indlela enokubakho ngayo. Ayisiyombono imbi, kodwa umgca webali awuzange uvuse ukubetha isimbo kubantu abaninzi. Ngapha koko, abanye (kubandakanya nam) banokuthi elona bali libalaseleyo lixesha likaMbane weSuperman yayingu JLA Ibali likaGrant Morrison kunye noWoward Porter apho iNdoda yangomso ichaza indlela yokusebenzisa amandla ayo amatsha ukuhambisa inyanga yoMhlaba, emva koko ilwe ingelosi ekreqileyo kwizitrato zaseSan Francisco. Ngenxa yokuba ujije ulindelo lwakho lwamandla, oko kuyamangalisa!
Ayimisanga ngee-90s. Kude kube namhla, ihlala ivakala ngathi yi-DC kunye / okanye uluntu lubone amandla kaSuperman (ongezwe ngobuhle bakhe) njengeyona ngxaki yakhe inkulu. Ngokomlobi wesikrini / umvelisi uDavid Goyer, kwagqitywa ekubeni kuya kwenziwa Amadoda entsimbi isiseko esingaphezulu (phantse ngokoqobo) ukuba uSuperman akakwazanga ukubhabha yonke indlela eya enyangeni phantsi kwamandla akhe . Kwi-New comic ezingama-52 Superman yoNyaka # 1, epapashwe ngo-2012, sabona uClark ethetha ngendlela akhetha ukuhamba ngayo nokuhamba kwindlela ehamba ngaphantsi komhlaba kuba ukubhabha kumenza azive engaqhelekanga kwaye ehlukanisiwe. Superman akonwabeli ukubhabha? Uxolo, ayisebenzi. Ngawona mandla akhe abonakalayo kwaye apholileyo. Musa ukumenza, okanye thina, sihlazeke yiyo. Ukubhabha kuxa ekhululekile. Nguye onwabele into awayezalwa yiyo ngokwenene.
Ndiyasibona isibheno sokuzisa inqanaba lamandla kaSuperman kancinci. Ndiyacinga ukuba Superman: Uthotho lweZilwanyana betha inqanaba elihle apho umbane ngokuqinisekileyo ungonzakalisa nokuba awubulali. Kodwa xa oko kuba yeyona nto kugxilwe kuyo, ulahlekile ngokwenyani eyenza ibali, kwaye uhlawule ngaphezulu xa unganyanzelekanga. Kuba ucinga ntoni? Uninzi lwee-superheroes zinamandla ngakumbi kunabantu abaninzi abadibana nabo ebomini babo. Onke amaqela ababulali kunye namajoni awanathemba ngokuchasene neWolverine. Imigulukudu yaseNew York ayikhange ibonakale ngathi iyamoyisa uSigcawu-Man, onokuthi acofe iitoni ezili-10, atsibe iinyawo ezingama-30 emoyeni, kwaye abe nealam yomlingo emkhokelela kude nengozi. UBatman ulumkile, usisityebi kwaye ulwa ngcono kunama-90% abantu adibana nabo. Oko kumenza abe namandla ngakumbi kunabo.
Ukutshintsha isinxibo samalaphu ukuze kujongeke njengesixhobo sokwenyani kunye nokususa izinto zobomi bukaClark ayisosisombululo sokwenyani. Imiba efana neentsomi kaSuperman, kunye nesimo sakhe sengqondo, ziyamnceda ukuba avele kwabanye. Akufanele ujike uSuperman abe nguBatman ngamagunya okanye umenze abe yiSpider-Man engenakoyiswa. Bhiyozela ukungafani kwabo kwaye ungagxili kumagunya kakhulu; yinqanaba nje elingaphezulu. I-Flash kunye noMfazi ongabonakaliyo kufuneka bakwazi ukubetha abantu abaninzi abalwa nabo ngaphambi kokuba i-baddies ikwazi ukulwa okuza kwenzeka. Kodwa endaweni yokukhalaza ngalo lonke ixesha oku kungenzeki, uninzi lusonwabela ukonwaba kwabo kwaye baqhwabele izandla iintliziyo zabo nolonwabo. Abaphulaphuli bakamabonwakude basabela kakuhle kwihlombe leFlash, naxa esebenzisa ubukrelekrele bakhe kuyilo kunokuba nje asombulule izinto ngokukhawuleza.
Gxila kumlinganiswa nakwidrama yento uClark Kent azama ukuyimela. Ibali lokuqala likaSuperman yayiyinxalenye enamacala amabini apho aqinisekisa khona ukuba umntu oza kuzuza imfazwe atshintshe iindlela zakhe ngokumcela ukuba abhalise, aye edabini ukuze abone ukuba iyintoni na kanye kanye imfazwe. Ukubukela umlinganiswa okholelwa ukuba kungcono ukuhlawulela ngamanye amaxesha kunokohlwaya akumenzi ngokuzenzekelayo angabi mnandi kunabalinganiswa abenza impindezelo. Superman ukuba ngumfana olungileyo akukho ngaphantsi kweyona nyaniso kukuba ungumfokazi. Akudineki ukuba nebali malunga nomntu oziphethe kakuhle olwela imigaqo yakhe kwihlabathi elingayixabisiyo imigaqo yabo yokuziphatha. UGreg Pak noScott Snyder bobabini benze imisebenzi emikhulu kunye noSuperman kutshanje, besombulula imiba yokuziphatha kunye nezopolitiko ngeendlela ezinomdla, behlola ukuba kunjani ukubona uMhlaba xa uneemvakalelo ezinkulu onazo. Akukho namnye kubo obefanele kuqala enze uClark angabi namandla okuqinisekisa ukuba amabali abo aza kusebenza.
Kwi I-Star-Superman yonke , UGrant Morrison wenza ukuba uClark abe namandla ngakumbi kunakuqala ukusukela nge1960s kwaye kungekuphela nje ukuba ibali lingasokoli, ihlala idunyiswa njengelinye lawona mabali mabalaseleyo eSuperman. Kuba uyamthanda uSuperman kwaye usibonisile ukuba kutheni. Enye ithatha imvelaphi Superman: Ubuzibulo Ngu-Mark Waid ngobugcisa ngu-Leinil Francis Yu, engabonakalisi abantu abakhohlakeleyo kodwa egxile kuClark esokola ukufumana indlela yakhe, efumana eyona ndlela yokusebenzisa amandla akhe, kunye nokujongana nokuhlala unyanisekile kuwe naxa umhlaba uxela wena ukuba uyaphazama. Kwi-S Ixesha le-mallville le-11, Uthando lukaBryan Q. Miller lukaSuperman luye lwanyusa iminyaka yamabali asuka entliziyweni, amabali acingayo apho iNdoda yentsimbi yothando kunye nothando kunye neqabane layo kubugorha uLois Lane (owazi kakuhle ukuba ungubani kanye kanye), usabela kwamanye amaqhawe anomdla kunomsindo kwaye ihlala isombulula iingxaki ngobukrelekrele nangamazwi .
Okulungileyo akufezekanga, kodwa kulungile. Superman yindoda elungileyo kwaye inamandla. Kule mihla apho amalungelo kunye namandla kuhlala kuxoxwa ngako kwaye kuxoxwa ngako, hayi indlela ekumnandi ngayo ukubona ukuba uClark Kent uyaliqonda ilungelo elinikwe amandla nobomi bakhe, kwaye uthi kwihlabathi, Masincedane. Akayena nje iqhawe lethu. Singabakhe. Uyasithanda. Hayi, kodwa uyasithanda. Ukuba akenzanga njalo, unokushiya uMhlaba afumane enye iplanethi. Emva koko, unguSuperman.
Ndiyawathanda amandla amatsha kwaye yinto enye uSuperman kufuneka ayisebenzise kancinci, eyingozi kakhulu kwaye efuna umbingelelo. UGeoff Johns uyamthanda uSuperman kwaye wamnika into entsha enomdla enokukhuthaza amabali amatsha. Intle kakhulu. Kodwa ungazixeleli ukuba esi sisitshixo esinokuthi ekugqibeleni simenze abe nomdla kwakhona. Sele enezithako ezifanelekileyo zoko ukusukela ekudalweni kwakhe. Uyabona amaza erediyo kunye neeathom. Uhlala esoyika umhlaba, eqonda imibala ejikeleze izinto eziphilayo, imibala ekungekho mntu unegama layo. Ungumphambukeli ovela ezinkwenkwezini owakhuliswe kakuhle, ofuna ukusinceda kwaye asibonise indlela engcono, owaziyo indalo iphela ngamanye amaxesha inzima kodwa ucinga ukuba uhambo lufanelekile, osithandayo kwaye acinge ukuba somelele kwaye singcono kunathi Cinga ukuba singabo. Kufuneka nje sikhumbule ukumsebenzisa ngokuyilayo kwaye simonwabele ngenxa yento ayiyo, iziphene zakhe kunye nakho konke.
Ii-cysts zentsimi ( @SizzlerKistler Ngumbhali weNew York Times oThengisa kakhulu Ugqirha Ngubani: Imbali . Ungumcebisi we-geek, umbhali kunye nomdlali weqonga ohamba phakathi kweNew York City kunye neLos Angeles. Uhlala ethetha ngembali yamaqhawe amakhulu kunye neentsomi zesayensi, kunye nokumelwa kunye nobufazi kwinkcubeko ye pop. Uthanda nje amaqhawe.
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