Abo kuthi banomdla zizinto ezingachazwanga kunye neemfihlakalo ezingasombululwanga kusenokwenzeka ukuba basivile isiganeko seDyatlov Pass. Isiganeko esibuhlungu apho abantu abasithoba abakhenkethi banyamalala kwii-Ural Mountains zaseRussia ngo-1959, emva koko bafunyanwa beswelekile-eminye yemizimba ekhubazeke kakubi kwaye benxibe ngokungagqibelelanga-kuye kwabangela ukuba kubekho iingcinga zobuqhetseba ezingapheliyo kunye nemijikelezo yophando ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane.
Yonke into esuka kubaphambukeli ukuya e-Yetis ukuya kwiimfihlo-ukuvavanywa kwezixhobo zaseSoviet ukuya kwiimeko zemozulu ezingaqhelekanga kuye kwabekwa ityala lokufa kwabahambi. Imfihlelo iye yabangela umdla kumashumi eminyaka, kwaye ukunyuka kweendawo ezizinikeleyo ze-Intanethi, ii-podcast, kunye nabantu abathanda izitulo ezikwaziyo ukunxibelelana omnye nomnye kwakuthetha ukuba umdla kwisehlo seDyatlov Pass unyuke kuphela kule minyaka idlulileyo. Ngoku iqela labaphandi linikezele ngeyona nto inokuba yeyona ngcaciso ichanekileyo malunga noko kwenzekileyo-kwaye babenoncedo oluthile kwi-movie ethile yeDisney eyabetha malunga neenkosazana kwindawo enomkhenkce.
Xa uqala ukufunda malunga neDyatlov Pass, kunzima ukuba ungavumeli umngxunya womvundla, kuba ukuseta kunazo zonke iimpawu zebali eloyikekayo. Abadlali abaphambili beekholeji ababehamba kunye, amadoda asibhozo (osindileyo omnye wayeza kubuya umva ngenxa yeentlungu ezidibeneyo) kunye nabafazi ababini, bonke babengabahambi abanamava kunye nabatyibiliki. Bamisa inkampu kumathambeka eKholat Saykhl, kwindawo esele ibizwa ngokuba yinkokeli yeqela, u-Igor Dyatlov oneminyaka engama-23.
Emva koko, ngaxa lithile ebusuku, njengoko iWikipedia isitsho , Kukho into eyababangela ukuba basike indlela yabo ngaphandle kwentente yabo kwaye babaleke enkampini ngelixa benganxibanga ngokwaneleyo ikhephu elinzima kunye neqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kweseroero.
Ngenxa yokuba eli qela lalinamava amaninzi phakathi kwabo, eso siganeko sathatha umoya wemfihlakalo enkulu ngakumbi. Aba babengengabo abantu ababenoxanduva lokuthwebula ngokulula okanye babaleke intente yabo benxibe isiqingatha ngaphandle kwesizathu. Kwaye kwabakho imeko abathi ekugqibeleni bafunyanwa kuyo:
Emva kokuba izidumbu zeqela zifunyenwe, uphando ngabaphathi baseSoviet luye lwafumanisa ukuba abathandathu babulawa yi-hypothermia ngelixa abanye abathathu babulawa ngumzimba. Elinye ixhoba lalinomonakalo omkhulu kukhakhayi, amabini ayenesifo esibuhlungu esifubeni, kwaye elinye lalinomngxunya omncinci kukhakhayi. Imizimba emine ifunyenwe ilele emanzini abalekayo emlanjeni, kwaye ezintathu kwezi zinomonakalo othambileyo entlokweni nasebusweni - imizimba emibini ibilahlekile ngamehlo, omnye uswele ulwimi, omnye ulahlekile ngamashiya.
Uphando lwagqiba kwelokuba amandla anyanzelekileyo endalo abangele ukusweleka. Ithiyori ezininzi ziye zathunyelwa ngaphambili ngenxa yokufa okungachazwanga, kubandakanya uhlaselo lwezilwanyana, i-hypothermia, i-avalanche, imimoya ye-katabatic, ukoyikeka okubangelwe yimpembelelo, ukubandakanyeka emkhosini, okanye indibaniselwano yezi.
Ngelixa izilwanyana ezihlaselayo zinokuthi zibekw 'ityala ngamalungu omzimba angekhoyo, kwaye i-hypothermia ingaphendula ngesizathu sokuba amanye amaxhoba abonakale ngathi azisusile iimpahla zawo kwindawo ezinengqele, kukwenzakala okuxhwalekisayo okuthe kwabanzima ngabahambi elinye lawona manqaku emibuzo amakhulu ngeDyatlov. Ngo-2019, uphando lwaseRussia lwagqiba kwelokuba i-avalanche yayiyeyona nto inokwenzeka, kodwa kwakungekho bungqina bubonakalayo, ngoko ke kwenzeka njani oko?
Emva kwengxelo ye-2019 yaseRussia, Abaphandi ababini baseSwitzerland , Alexander Puzrin, injineli ye-geotechnical e-ETH Zurich, kunye noJohan Gaume, intloko yeLebhu ye-Snow Avalanche Simulation Laboratory e-EPFL eLausanne, badibana ukuze benze ukulinganisa kweekhompyuter kunye neemodeli ukuzama nokuchaza indlela i-avalanche enokuthi ibe noxanduva ngayo. Ngokusekwe kwiziphumo zabo, bagqibe kwelokuba into encinci engaqhelekanga, ebambezelekileyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-slab avalanche, inokuba sisisombululo kwinto eyenzeke eDyatlov.
Ukulibaziseka kwexesha le-slab kweeyure kungachaza ukuba kutheni kungabatshabalalisi abo bakhenkethi xa beqala ukusika ithambeka lokumisa intente yabo, kwaye ubukhulu bayo obuncinci buya kuba nesizathu sokuba kutheni ingashiyanga ngasemva uphawu lwe-avalanche . Kodwa ngesele ihambile ngamandla, ibetheka kwintente yabahambi ngamandla eSUV ehamba ngesantya esiphezulu. Le mpembelelo ingachaza ukuba kutheni uninzi lwabakhenkethi luye lwenzakala kanobom kwaye kutheni iqela eli lixhalabile lisika indlela yalo ngaphandle kwentente laza lasaba kwimeko engakulungelanga oko. Inyaniso yokuba iqela lalilele ngaphezulu kweeskis zabo bekuya kuyinyusa ngakumbi impembelelo ngokubacofa phakathi kwebala kunye nomphezulu onzima weskis.
Indawo yeSizwe inqaku eligqwesileyo nelinzulu kwimbali yeDyatlov kunye neendlela uPuzrin noGaume ababezisebenzisa ukufikelela kwisiphelo sabo. Kodwa enye yezinto ezingaphandle kwekhohlo ezenze igalelo kwiimodeli zabaphandi zeza ngohlobo lwemovie yeDisney Frozen kunye noopopayi bayo ababalaseleyo bekhephu.
Ukuphendula loo mbuzo [wendlela ubundlobongela obuncinci obunokubangela ngayo ukwenzakala okunje], izazinzulu zithembele kwimithombo ethile engaqinisekisi yokuphefumlelwa kunye nolwazi. U-Gaume ucacisile ukuba, kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo, wabethwa yindlela ukuhamba kwekhephu okwabonakaliswa ngayo kwi-Disney ye-Disney ye-2013 Frozen-wayechukumisekile, enyanisweni, kangangokuba wagqiba kwelokuba abuze oopopayi bakhe ukuba bayikhuphe njani.
Ukulandela uhambo oluya eHollywood ukuya kudibana nengcali eyayisebenza kwiziphumo zekhephu ezibandayo, uGaume waguqula ikhowudi yemifanekiso yekhephu kwimifanekiso yakhe yokulinganisa, nangona enenjongo yokonwaba: ukulinganisa iimpembelelo ezinokubakho kwi-avalanches emzimbeni womntu. .
Sebenzisa Frozen ’s ikhowudi yekhephu kunye nolwazi oluqokelelwe kwishishini leemoto malunga nengozi yemoto, iqela likwazile ukuyila imodeli ebonisa indlela inqaba encinci enokuthi ibethe ngayo intente yabahambi ngenkani. Into ebonakala ngathi yenzekile ngorhatya yayifuna ukudityaniswa ngokuchanekileyo kwemozulu kunye nomhlaba okhohlisayo. Zonke ezi zinto zixabisekileyo eza kunye zazibonakala zingenakucingelwa, yiyo loo nto bezingakhange zichazwe kude kube ngoku.
I-avalanche ebonakala ukuba yenzeka ngo-Februwari 1, 1959, kwi-Kholat Saykhl yayiyeyona nto inqabileyo, I-National Geographic’s URobin George Andrews ubhala. Kodwa iziganeko ezinqabileyo ziyenzeka, kwaye le inokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke kanye kuloo ndawo kanye, kanye ngalo mzuzu kanye, ngobo busuku bunye bobusika.
Ewe akunakwenzeka ukutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba okwenzekileyo kwiiNtaba zeUral kwenzeka kanye ngendlela abalingisi ababonisa ngayo. Kwaye akunakwenzeka ngokulinganayo ukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kwenzeka ntoni emva kokuba abantu abanyukelayo bebalekile ententeni yabo. Kodwa okona kubalulekileyo kukuba, bonke bafunyanwa ngaphandle kwesiza sentente, ke kuyabonakala ukuba abo bathe bonzakala kakhulu yile mpembelelo bancedwa ngabanye, nakwimeko ebekufanele ukuba ibe sisiphithiphithi esipheleleyo kunye neemeko eziqatha.
Eli libali lesibindi kunye nobuhlobo, watsho uPuzrin Indawo yeSizwe . Le yayiyindlela endingazange ndicinge ngayo ngeDyatlov Pass ngaphambili, kodwa ndiza kuya phambili. Ngelixa oku kufunyenwe ngabaphandi kubonakala kunengqiqo, ezinye iimfihlakalo ziya kuhlala zigubungela iDyatlov Pass. Abantu abafuni ukuba ibe yi-avalanche, utshilo uGaume. Yinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu.
Emva kwamashumi eminyaka olona hlobo lwasendle lweengcamango zelenqe, kuya kubakho abaninzi abaya kuhlala bekholelwa kubo kwaye bafune ezinye iimpendulo apha. Kodwa kuyandithuthuzela ukwazi okungaphaya malunga nesayensi enokwenzeka emva kwePasile yaseDyatlov, kwaye siwubeke lo msitho njengendawo apho abantu babesazama ukuncedana kwezona meko zoyikisayo nezingaxoleliyo.
(nge Indawo yeSizwe , umfanekiso: Disney)
