Iimuvi azinabuninzi babalinganiswa beAutistic. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ubone i-live-action blockbusters ehamba phambili ngokuthetha ii-raccoons okanye iihedgehogs kunokuba ubona umfanekiso oshukumayo obeka umlinganiswa kwi-Autism spectrum. Ezo ngxaki zikhula zide zinciphise xa kufikwa kumelo lwabasetyhini kwi-Autism spectrum.
Le yingxaki ebonisa imiba ethe yanda ngaphaya kwescreen sesilivere.
Ubuthathaka babafazi be-Autistic, kuzo zombini iSayensi kunye neFilimu
Ngokubanzi, bekucingelwa ukuba iAutism ibonakala nje emadodeni anesiqhelo ngakumbi kunabafazi. Olu luvo lungachanekanga lunokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya nemicimbi esekwe kwisini malunga nendlela iAutism efunyaniswe ngayo echazwe kwingxelo ngabaseU.K Umbutho weSizwe we-Autistic . Olu luvo luneengcambu kwenye yoososayensi bokuqala ukuba baphonononge abantu abane-Autism. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe kwingxelo yeSizwe ye-Autistic Society, ugqirha wabantwana uHans Asperger waxhasa umsebenzi wakhe wango-1944 wokuba… akukho bafazi okanye mantombazana babene-Autistic ngaphambi kokuba babuyele kweli bango.
Ezo ngcinga zivela kwiingqondo ezinzulu zesayensi zibeke isiseko kubafazi be-Autistic ukuba bangahoywa kunye / okanye bangafumaneki. Oku kube neziphumo ezibi ezihlala ixesha elide ekubonakalisweni kwabasetyhini kwi-Autism spectrum, esala nanamhlanje. Iingxaki ezinjalo ziye zanda ngakumbi nje ukuba imoto kaDustin Hoffman esuka kwiminyaka yoo-1980 iseke ukungunda okungagungqiyo Abantu be-Autistic baya kuhlala kwi-cinema, nasezingqondweni zabaninzi, kwiminyaka ezayo.
Indima kaHoffman Umntu wemvula ayikaze ichazwe ngokucacileyo njenge-Autistic, kodwa ibonisa iimpawu zokuziphatha ezinxulunyaniswa ne-Autism kwelona Juggernaut liMifanekiso liphumeleleyo. Oko kwaqinisekisa ukuba Imvula Man ’ I-protagonist iya kuba yitemplate emiselweyo yabalinganiswa be-Autistic kwiimuvi eziya phambili kwaye zibumba umbono woluntu. Abantu abazenzekelayo kwifilimu ngoku babemiselwe ukuba babe ngabantu abanesiphiwo kuphela, ii-sidekick ze-neurotypical protagonists, kwaye kunjalo, eyindoda.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba uphando lubonakalisile ukuba abantu be-Autistic banokuhlala kuluhlu olupheleleyo lwesini, kwimizamo elandelayo yokufumana impumelelo Umntu wemvula Abantu abangama-Autistic kwi-cinema babemiselwe ukuba babe ngamadoda kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, kwakungekho nje Umntu wemvula Ukuchaphazela esi sigqibo sokuphelisa ukumelwa kwabafazi be-Autistic. Omnye umba omkhulu ekudlaleni unxulumene nendlela iimovie ezihlala zijikeleza ngokuhambisa ukubonisa ababhinqileyo njengayo nantoni na ephambuka kwimigaqo ethile ethintelayo.
Iindima zesithintelo seSini kwiFilimu yokuSusa abaSetyhini abaDala
Kwisincoko sakhe Indima yabasetyhini kwifilimu: Ukuxhasa amadoda, Uhlalutyo lwendlela inkcubeko eyiphembelela ngayo intetho eguqukayo kubameli besini kwifilimu , Umbhali uJocelyn Nicole Murphy uphawula ukuba uphando lusatyhila ukuba abantu basetyhini baxatyiswa kakhulu kwifilimu esekwe ekuchongeni kwabo njengomama, umfazi, okanye isithandwa (Lang, 2015). Abasetyhini bavezwa bexhomekeke kwabanye abalinganiswa, ngokweemvakalelo ezingaphaya, kwaye bevalelwe kwimisebenzi ekwinqanaba eliphantsi… Abasetyhini kumboniso bhanyabhanya kufuneka bangabinayo iarhente kwaye babonakalise isimilo esifanelekileyo kumanani oomama kunye / okanye omfazi-ubuncinci, ukuba bafuna Ukubonakaliswa ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ukuziphatha okunjalo akubandakanyi nantoni na enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengalunganga okanye ecela umngeni kwimilinganiselo yothintelo kuluntu ngokubanzi.
Le ndlela ayisebenzi nje xa imelwe nayiphi na umfazi ngokuchanekileyo kwisikrini, kwaye oko kuyinyaniso ephindwe kabini kubafazi be-Autistic. Ukuthetha njengomntu ekuhlaleni kwe-Autistic, indlela esiziphatha ngayo emzimbeni inokubonakala ngathi iyaphambana kwaye ayipolisiwe kwabo bangenayo i-Autistic. Ukungafezeki okunjalo kubonakaliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukusuka komnye umntu o-Autistic ukuya komnye, kodwa kukho ubunzima kwindalo iphela ngokudibanisa koko uluntu lukujonga njengesiqhelo imigangatho yentlalo. Ngokwamava am, ndinobunzima bokugcina incoko iqhubeka, kunye nokulawula iziqwenga zolwimi zomzimba (kubandakanya eyam indlela imood ) kwakuthetha ukubonisa iimvakalelo zangaphakathi.
Ezi mpawu zisenokungabi yile nto ibonwa luluntu ngokubanzi njengokuziphatha okufanelekileyo kwezentlalo, kodwa ndiye ndafunda ukubamkela njengenye nje inxalenye yam. Nangona kunjalo, iHollywood ayikuko ukwamkela ezo zinto zobuntu bomntu o-Autistic. Ingcinga yokuba nabasetyhini kwiscreen isenzo ngale fashoni iya kubaleka ngokuchasene nokungagqibeki kwabantu ababhinqileyo kufanele ukuba bahlale kwi-cinema. Le micimbi inyanzeliswa kuphela ngabafazi abanemibala, encede ekuboneleleni ngemiboniso bhanyabhanya yabasetyhini beAutistic abanemibala engekhoyo.
URadha Mitchell ’njengoIsabelle Sorensen noJosh Hartnet njengoDonald Morton kwi Mozart kunye noMnenga . (Iifilimu zeMillenium)
Kwimeko enqabileyo yokuba abafazi be-Autistic yenza ukuvela kwiimovie, basadla ngokwenza njalo kuhlobo lweendima zokuxhasa abalinganiswa be-Autistic bathintelwe. Umlingiswa kaRadha Mitchell u-Isabelle Sorensen kwi UMozart kunye noMnenga, umzekelo, usebenza njengomdla wothando kwifilimu ye-Autistic protagonist, uDonald Morton (Josh Hartnett). Ngelixa ndonwabile ngabafazi be-Autistic abanokuthi bafumane isuntswana lokumelwa kube kanye e-Isabelle, njengesiqhelo, ukungabikho kokumelwa ngamanani apheleleyo nako kukhokelela ekusweleni kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezifunekayo ukumelwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Umlingiswa we-Autistic kaSigourney Weaver kwifilimu yaseBritane Ikhekhe lekhephu kulinganiselwe ngokulinganayo kwindima yakhe yokubalisa. Kananjalo kufuneka asebenze kwi-Movie Autism ediniweyo ye-sidekick eyenzelwe ukunceda uhambo lwe-neurotypical protagonist. Ukho ukukhokela Ikhekhe lekhephu Khokela uAlex (Alan Rickman) kuhambo, endaweni yokusebenza njengenqaku lebali lakhe.
Kodwa ithemba labasetyhini be-Autistic kwifilimu likho. Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba ungayikhangela phi-ngathi, yithi, kwi-indie romcom eneenkwenkwezi ezimbini zabalinganiswa beAutistic.
Ukufumana Ithemba kwiTshintsho
USarah (uSamantha Elisofon) ngomnye wabalinganiswa abakhokelayo kwi Gcina itshintshi . Le indie yothando lwe-indie ka-2018 yabhalwa kwaye yayalelwa nguRachel Israel. Gcina itshintshi ulandela uDavid (uBrandon Polansky), umfana osemtsha kwi-Autism spectrum ojoyina iqela lenkxaso kubantu be-Autistic. Apho, udibana noSara, kwaye ekugqibeleni, bobabini baqala ukukhulisa ubudlelwane bothando.
Nangona uSara eluthando Gcina uTshintsho umlinganiswa ophambili, uyakwazi ukubonakala njengowakhe, umlinganiswa opheleleyo. Unikwe umdla wakhe, ukuthanda, kunye nearhente. Ngokuchasene nendlela yokungenzi nto uninzi lwabalinganiswa be-Autistic, abasetyhini okanye enye into eyenziweyo, uSarah ngumntu oqinisekileyo obonakala ngathi uvela kwilizwe lokwenyani. Ukumnceda ukunyaniseka kwakhe kukuba ungomnye wabalinganiswa be-Autistic enqabileyo kwifilimu ukuba iboniswe ngumdlali we-Autistic.
Enye yeendlela ezininzi zokujongana ne-Autism kukuba baye basilela ukubandakanyeka kwabantu okunene kwi-Autism spectrum. Abalawuli be-Neurotypical abaphethe abaphathi be-neurotypical ibe ngamaqela ayiliweyo okudala amabali ngamava e-Autistic. Esi siko sinyuswe ngokumangalisayo Gcina uTshintsho intsebenzo ekhokelayo evela kuSamantha Elisofon. Endaweni yokuthembela kwiingcinga ezinento yokwenza ne-Rain Man njengabenzi be-neurotypical abaninzi abayenzileyo, u-Elisofon uxhobisa uSara ngeziqwenga zomzimba kunye nokuziphatha. Izenzo zakhe zifana ne-idiosyncratic njengokuziphatha okufunyanwa kubantu be-Autistic.
Umlingiswa kaSara ukwabalasele kuba kokubini ukubhala kuka-Israyeli kunye nokusebenza kuka-Elisofon aboyiki ukwenza uSarah antsonkothe kwaye abe mdaka. USarah akahambelani nobukrelekrele obunobuqhetseba babalinganiswa bemovie ye-Autistic ekufanele ukuba babambelele kuyo, kananjalo akaqulathanga mdla uthandwayo u-archetype wabasetyhini ngokufuthi ukuhlala kwiingoma zokuhlekisa. Endaweni yokuba uSarah angcungcuthekise, athethe into engeyiyo, abe mbi, kwaye angabinademoni ngayo.
Njengombukeli o-Autistic, ukubukela uSara ekhubeka kwintlanganiso yoluntu kwaye unayo Gcina itshintshi yiphathe ngokungathi ukuphela kwehlabathi bekusiqinisekisa kakhulu. Ndihlala ndiziva ngathi le ngcinezelo yokwenza rhoqo kwaye ndithethe into elungileyo kwiimeko zentlalo ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba lokufaka uxinzelelo kum. Gcina itshintshi kuqheleka abantu abangafezekanga be-Autistic kunokuba babonise nje abantu abangoo-Autistic njengobulumko bokuqhekeka kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubekeke ecaleni.
Uhlobo lukaSara kwi Gcina itshintshi Yinto enqabileyo ebangel 'inhlekelele xa kufikwa kwindlela iHollywood esondela ngayo kwiAutism. Ubukho bomfazi o-Autistic sele banele ukwenza Gcina itshintshi indalo enqabileyo, inyani yokuba umlinganiswa ukwangumfazi o-Autistic ochazwa bubuntu bakhe bobuchwephesha ngokwenene uyayenza into ebalulekileyo!
Gcina ifayile ye- Tshintsha Indlela yonke kubalinganiswa be-Autistic (ebandakanya ukubonakaliswa okungaqhelekanga komntu o-Autistic person), ukuphula iingcamango zokuba kuphela amadoda angama-Autistic amadoda angama-Autistic ayenayo, iyaphula umhlaba, kodwa indlela evumela uSarah ukuba abe yinto emithathu ephawulekayo.
Nokuba ujongene nokucinywa okungaphaya kwabasetyhini be-Autistic kwi-cinema, umlinganiswa onjengoSarah undinika ithemba. Abafazi abaziwayo be-Autistic banokubakho kwifilimu. Ukuba ibhanyabhanya enye inokuyenza, kutheni kungenjalo abanye? Kutheni le nto bengabaphikisi? Gcina itshintshi kufuneka isebenze njengesixhobo esiya kwiingalo ngemfuneko yokubonakaliswa kwescreen kwabasetyhini be-Autistic abavela kuzo zonke iindlela zobomi.
Zombini i-cinema kunye nehlabathi ngokubanzi zinobungakanani obulinganayo-yonke indlela yokucinga ukuba iAustism ijongeka kanjani. Oko nje akuhambelani nenyani. Kukho uninzi lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo kuluntu lweAutistic ngokwesini, isini, uhlobo lomzimba, ubuhlanga, nokunye okuninzi. Ukumelwa kwenkcubeko yePop yeAustism kufanele kwahluke ngokufanayo, ngakumbi ngokubhekisele ekuqinisekiseni ubukho babasetyhini beAutistic. Ininzi indlela ekufuneka sihambe ngayo, kodwa Gcina itshintshi linyathelo lokuqala elinamandla.
(umfanekiso obonisiweyo: Gcina itshintshi )
Ngaba ufuna amanye amabali anje? Yiba ngumbhalisi kwaye uxhase indawo!
-UMary Sue unemigaqo-nkqubo engqongqo yokuphawula engavumiyo, kodwa ayikhawulelwanga, ukuthukwa nabani na , Intiyo nentetho egonyamelayo. —
