Kukho inani leepuzzle malunga nokuqala kobomi eMhlabeni eziqhubeka nokuphepha izazinzulu. Omnye wabo wawungumbuzo osisiseko malunga nokuba ubomi benziwe njani ukutsiba izinto ezineseli enye kwi ezininzi imimangaliso esiqhelene nayo namhlanje. Umphandi Ngaba uRatcliff e KwiYunivesithi yaseMinnesota Ndifuna ukujonga ukuba kwenzeka njani ukuba le nkqubo yenzeke kwaye yafumanisa ukuba ngekhe ibemkhulu kangaka emva koko.
Sebenzisa Saccharomyces cerevisiae , kwaziwa njenge igwele lotywala (okanye nzulu nangoku, izinto ezenza isonka kunye nomsebenzi webhiya), uRatcliff uyile uvavanyo olulula. Igwele, elili-fungi eneseli enye, lingenza iikholoni ezininzi ezinobumba. Kuvavanyo lwakhe, uRatcliff wabeka iiseli zegwele kwindawo enesondlo ukuze zikhule. Emva koko wabeka iityhubhu zovavanyo ezizele yimvubelo ekhulayo ibe icentrifuge.
Isenzo sokujikeleza kwecentrifuge sabangela ukuba igwele lahlulwe, kunye nezihloko ezinobunzima obuninzi ezantsi kunye neeseli ezizodwa ezilula ngaphezulu. Iqela likaRatcliff lityhutyha igwele elineeseli enye, lagqithisela iikholoni eziziiseli ezininzi kwindawo entsha ekhulayo kwaye yaphinda inkqubo. Oku kwaqhubeka kangangeentsuku ezingama-60, yaye ngelo xesha lifutshane, uRatcliff wabona utshintsho olukhulu.
Endaweni yeekoloni ezincinci kunye neeseli enye, igwele laqala ukwenza amaqela amakhulu, antsonkothileyo. Ezi mosaic zamakhulu eeseli zazingacwangciswanga ngokulula, nokuba. Zazingamaqela eeseli ezinxulumene nemfuza ezahlala ziqhotyoshelwe emva kokwahlulahlula. Eyona nto inomdla nangakumbi, uRatcliff waqaphela ukuba xa izihloko zifikelele kubukhulu obunzima, iiseli ziya kuqala ukufa kwaye iqela lihlukane.
Kude kukusilela, le nkqubo yokufa kweseli- ibizwa apoptosis -Qhekeze ikholoni ibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci aqhubekekayo ukukhula. Ngokwenyani, ukwahlukana kweekoloni kwakhuthaza iikholoni ezintsha, njengohlobo lokuvelisa kwakhona. Inkqubo ye- Isiseko seSayensi yeSizwe ucaphula uRatcliff esithi le nkqubo yinto ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqatshelwe:
Iqoqo lodwa alinazo iiseli ezininzi, utshilo uRatcliff. Kodwa xa iiseli kwiqela zisebenzisana, zenze idini ngenxa yokulunga okuqhelekileyo, kwaye zilungelelanise notshintsho, olo tshintsho lwenguqulelo ukuya kwiseli ezininzi.
Uvavanyo lukaRatcliff olulula ngokumangalisayo lunokucebisa ukuba inkqubo yokufezekisa ubuninzi beeseli kulula kakhulu kunokuba bekucingwa ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wakhe unokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Usebenzisa irekhodi lakhe lemvubelo yee-multicellular, uceba ukuphanda ukuba loluphi uhlengahlengiso olunoxanduva lokwenza ukuba iiseli ezizezinye zisebenzisane kunye. Ukuchonga uhlobo oluvumela le ndlela yokuziphatha, umzekelo, ukuba isetyenziselwe ukuqonda ngcono umhlaza.
Uphando lwexesha elizayo ecaleni, uRatcliff kunye neqela lakhe sele bephumelele. Umsebenzi wabo usikhanyisele ngokutshintsha okubalulekileyo kwimbali yabo bonke ubomi kulo mhlaba.
( Isiseko seSayensi yeSizwe nge Umhlaba namhlanje , Ityala lemifanekiso Ngaba uRatcliff kunye noMike Travisano)
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