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Amakhosazana eDisney akuyo yonke indawo. Ukusuka kwimibuzo ye-Intanethi ubuza ukuba yeyiphi inkosazana oza kuyitolikwa kwakhona ngamakhosazana ahlukeneyo njengeekati, ii-dudes, amanenekazi ahlukeneyo ngokwahlukeneyo, kunye neenguqulelo ezindala zazo, sinokubhengeza kakhulu kumakhosazana, ngakumbi awakwaDisney. Kukho amanqaku amaninzi malunga neenkosazana kunye nendlela ezibonakala ngayo, izitayile zezwi, kunye nobuntu babo obubonisa amaxesha abedalwe ngawo. (Snow White ilizwi Yayiyindlela yokucula edumileyo pha kwiminyaka ye-1930, kodwa sithanda amakhosazana ethu kancinci pop / Broadway kwezi ntsuku!)
Kodwa kuthekani ngeenkosana? Batshintshe njani ukusuka kowe-1937 I-Snow White kunye neeNtsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kwiimovie ezininzi zangoku ezinje ngo-2010 Kudidekile kunye no-2013 Frozen ? INkosana kaSnow White ayinalo negama. Ubizwa nje ngokuba yiNkosana, ngelixa inkosana kaRapunzel inamagama amabini: UFlynn Rider no-Eugene Fitzherbert. INkosana ye-Snow White ikhona nje ukuba ibe yinkosana kwaye yiyo yonke into efuna ukuba yiyo, ngelixa uFlynn / u-Eugene eqhuma ngobunikazi, ubuntu, kunye nokuhleka. Njengoko iindima zamakhosikazi zitshintshile eluntwini, izinto ezilindelwe kwindima yenkosana zitshintshile ngokunjalo. Kwaye, njengoko uninzi lwabasetyhini lusebenza kwishishini lokuzonwabisa, bayakwazi ukuba nefuthe elikhulu kubuntu nakwimeko yokuphuhliswa kwamabali.
Phambi kokuba siqale, ndifuna ukukhankanya ukuba omnye umbhali we-TMS wenze uphando olugqwesileyo malunga nabasetyhini kwiifilimu. Ndicebisa ukuba abantu bahlole uthotho lwabafazi bakaCarrie Tupper kuPhilayo, iinxalenye Nye kwaye ezimbini. Uyinyani ngokwenene ukuba ngoobani ababhinqileyo abasunguli kunye noovulindlela bokuopopayi ababekho kwaye bangabo! Oopopayi bebekhona kwaye iseyintsimi elawulwa ngamadoda, kodwa baninzi ngakumbi abantu ababhinqileyo abasebenza kolu shishino, kunye nokuyalela, ukubhala, kunye neminye imimandla enxulumene nokwenza oonobumba. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba iinkosana zibe nobuntu obandayo kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Ayizizo zonke iimovie endiza kubhekisa kuzo kungoDisney, kodwa uninzi, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba uhlobo lweDisney lunesabelo sengonyama (zilungiselele!) Kwishishini lemiboniso bhanyabhanya. Masiqale ekuqaleni, andibi kunjalo?
Okokuqala, sinayo I-Snow White kunye neeNtsuku ezisixhenxe, eyakhululwa ngo-1937. Njengokuba iyimiboniso bhanyabhanya ethandekayo, ngakumbi ixesha, iNkosana (inkosana engenagama engenanto ingaphaya kobuchwephesha bayo bokuba yinkosana) inobuntu bebhokisi yekhadibhodi. U-Snow White ngokwakhe akabhetele kakhulu; Uhamba nezilwanyana zasendle, uyayicula, kwaye aphume kwinkosazana aye kwisicakakazi malunga nabantu abasixhenxe abaxakekileyo, abasebenza nzima. Uqhushululu lomfazi-njengo-khaya efuna indoda ezinzileyo, esebenzayo yayidlala kakhulu ngeli xesha kwimbali, kwaye u-Snow White kunye neNkosana bayayibonisa loo nto. Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu anokumenzela yona kukumphakamisa kwintlupheko kwaye umnike umtshato ozinzileyo. Akubonakali kubalulekile ukuba uthanda ntoni, ukuba uyahlekisa, okanye yintoni malunga naye ayifumaneki ingenakuphikiswa. Ye kunjalo uyamthanda! Unguye inkosana !
Ukulawula akukho lula.
Ngo-1939, iFleischer Studios yakhululwa Uhambo lukaGulliver , Ebonisa inxenye yebali lothando lweNkosazana yozuko lwaseLilliput kunye neNkosana uDavid waseBlefuscu. Akukho namnye kubo owayeneengxoxo ezininzi, kodwa u-David olihlwempu wayenayo Nye Umgca othethiweyo kuyo yonke loo nto, kwaye yayingowakhe, Yima apha, Luzuko! malunga 1:10:52 uphawu. Ndiyakhumbula ndibukele oku njengomntwana, kwaye ndiyithanda, kodwa ndaqhekeka xa ilizwi elithethiweyo lenkosana entle nelizwi lokucula zazingalingani kwaphela. Uvakala ngathi ubambe impumlo! Mhlawumbi yiloo nto enomgca omnye kuphela? Ukuba awukayiboni le nto imangalisayo, jonga:
ABO BEMITHETHO THO.
ICinderella yaphuma ngo-1950, kwaye njengoko ii-movie zoopopayi zaya zithandwa ngakumbi, ii-studio zabeka umzamo ngakumbi nangakumbi kuzo, ukusuka kubalinganiswa abasecaleni ukuya kwiingoma eziphambili. Ngokwe- Disney yeveki , INkosana eCharming ekuqaleni yayiza kuba nengoma yayo ukuze icule, kodwa loo mbono yalahlwa. Kwakufuneka abe nemiboniso emininzi kunye nencoko yababini, kodwa ezo zimvo zathatyathelwa indawo ngomxholo owahlukileyo. Ukulandelelana okuthe ngqo kwividiyo kuye kwamnika ubuntu obungakumbi, kodwa imbonakalo yakhe yantlandlolo yayiba ngathi iyinkosana njengenkosana ka-Snow White, ngaphandle kwengoma nokuba ibe nye.
Kwakhona, kwii-1950s, abafazi kwakufuneka bafune umboneleli olungileyo, kwaye intle yayiyibhonasi. Ukutsala okungahambi kakuhle kuhlolisise zombini iibhokisi kwaye asazi ukuba yintoni kanye ngaye eyayinomtsalane, ngaphandle kobuso bakhe kunye nesihloko. Yazi nje, i-wiki ithi bekukho ukuvulwa okungasetyenziswanga ICinderella apho iNkosana ileqe khona inyamakazi, kodwa yajika yaba ngumhlobo wayo kwaye yayingumdlalo. Kwakungekho nje uCinderella owayenendlela kunye nezidalwa zehlathi!
Venison, ngokucacileyo.
Nini Ubuhle bolele yakhutshwa ngo-1959, yayikukuhamba kwesitayile kwiifilimu zangaphambili. Oopopayi babonakala bahlukile Ikhephu elimhlophe kwaye ICinderella , kwaye yayiphefumlelwe yimbonakalo yeetapeyies zamandulo. Umculo wonke wawuguqulwe ukusuka kwiklasikhi kaTchaikovsky Ubuhle bolele I-ballet, kunye namazwi zongezwa ukwenza i-movie ibe ngumculo ongalibalekiyo weDisney. Kodwa Ubuhle bolele yayahlukile ngenye indlela: yaphawula okokuqala sifumana ubumenyemenye bobuntu kwinkosana. INkosana uPhillip yayinegama, uburharha, kunye nokunyaniseka, okwenza ukuba kubonakale kubaphulaphuli ukuba yintoni eyatsala u-Aurora kulo mfo. Baye bathandana ehlathini, kwaye wayelungile ngokupheleleyo ebanjwa ngabahlobo bakhe bezilwanyana ngomhla wabo wokuqala. Wathetha nehashe lakhe USamson yonke into njengoko u-Aurora ebethetha nabahlobo bakhe behlathi. Ngelixa iNkosana eCharming kunye neCinderella zihleli zijongile ngokungathandabuzekiyo, mhlawumbi i-Aurora kunye nePhillip bakwiholide yabo yomtshato bonke, ke, kufuneka sakhe indlu enkulu yeentaka kwizitiya zebhotwe, kunye nesitali somzi kaSamson! Sithandwa sam, ubumeme oonomatse kwitheko lethu?
Sihlobo. Undidikile xa ndifuna ukujongeka ndingena nenekazi. Akukho ukuphatha kwakho .
Flash phambili ukuya ngo-1985, xa Disney wakhululwa ICauldron emnyama , Enye yeempawu zazo ezaziwayo ezingaziwayo. Ngokusekwe kwi-Prydain yeziKronike zikaLloyd Alexander, libali lomncedisi-mgcini weehagu uTaran, iNkosazana u-Eilonwy kunye nokufuna kwabo ukutshabalalisa i-Black Cauldron. Lo mboniso bhanyabhanya, nangona ungakhange ube yenye yeempawu ezaziwa kakhulu zeDisney, ubalulekile ngezizathu ezininzi, ubuncinci kuba lelinye lamaxesha okuqala inkosazana ikhetha inkosana eqhelekileyo.
Ukuthandana kuka-Eilonwy noTaran zizinto zomntwana-bancinci kakhulu ukuba bangazimisele ngayo nantoni na-kodwa u-Eilonwy uyahlangula yena ngaxa lithile, kwaye akadingi nto kuye ngaphandle kobuqabane obuhle. Oku kukuhamba okukhulu kwifom, eyaqala imeko eqhubekayo namhlanje kwiimovie ezinje Kudidekile kwaye Frozen . Enye into enokuthi ibe nento yokwenza nolu tshintsho kukuba uninzi lwabasetyhini babebandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokuyila; URosemary Anne Sisson, umfazi wase-Bhritane, wabhala umdlalo-bhanyabhanya kule bhanyabhanya. Ndihlala ndithanda ICauldron emnyama , nokuba yoyisiwe kumlo omnye kwiiofisi zeebhokisi yi Care amabhere . (Kuyinyani. Baye basebenzisa ukujonga. Kuyinyani.)
Ngaba unayo ikrele? Kulungile. Masihambe siye kuzingela ibhere.
Oku kusizisa ekuqaleni kwexesha le-Disney Renaissance, nge Intombazana encinci ngo-1989, Omhle kunye nesilwanyana ngo-1991, kwaye Aladdin ngo-1992. Akukho nanye kwezi bhanyabhanya egqibeleleyo. U-Ariel unikezele usapho kunye nelizwi kumfana, uBhele kunye neentsuku zakuqala Isilwanyana sasineStockholm vibe eqhubekayo, kwaye uAladdin wayenemicimbi ethile ngeengoma ezingafanelekanga (ezathi zatshintshwa kamva, kodwa kunjalo). Nangona kunjalo, bezikhona izinto ezintle eziqhubeka apha.
UAriel noEric babelana ngothando lomculo. U-Eric wadlala ifluti yakhe, wadanisa, kwaye wathi phithi lilizwi lokucula lowasetyhini owamhlangulayo, ngelixa umculo wawuyinxalenye enkulu yobomi buka-Ariel phantsi kolwandle. Wayeyinkosazana kwaye wayeyinkosana, ke akukho namnye kubo iyafuneka enye inyuse inqanaba labo. Ubudlelwane babo ubuncinci babusekelwe kumtsalane othembekileyo, nokuba uAriel wayengaze athengise ngesakhono sakhe sokuvelisa isandi kwaye aviwe, kwaye uEric wayenenyongo yokucebisa ukuba igama likaAriel lisenokuba nguMildred. (Ngokwenyani, Eric, wena othanda isilwanyana, onobungqingili obukrwada? jonga njenge-Mildred?) Intabatheko ka-Ariel inokuba yayingakhange ikhule, kodwa yayisekwe ekuqwalaseleni imikhwa yakhe, unxibelelwano, kunye nesigqibo sakhe sokubeka ubomi bakhe emngciphekweni wokuhlangula inja yakhe uMax.
#ngabhekanga
I-Belle kunye neSilwanyana sasinesiqalo esinamatye. Wayenomsindo, enoburhalarhume ngoboya, kwaye wayesebenza phantsi koxinzelelo ukunceda utata wakhe owaluphalayo. Njengokuba babesiya besazana, izinto zatshintsha. Isilo saqala ukuzama ukufumana iindlela zokwenza ukuba sonwabe, sigqibe ngokunika i-Belle, intombazana eyayifuna ukuzonwabisa kwindawo ebanzi kwindawo ethile kwaye yayihlala ineempumlo zayo encwadini, enelayibrari eyeyayo. Wafumanisa ukuba yintoni i-Belle malunga nayo kwaye wasebenzela ukumonwabisa, nditsho nokufunda ukufunda ukuze abelane ngokuthanda kwakhe. Kwaye, xa ilixa, Isilo asimgcinanga u-Belle ukuba angahambi ekhaya ayokukhathalela utata wakhe.
NjengoCinderella, u-Belle wayengenguye inkosazana, kodwa into awayeswele ngayo ekuhlaleni, wayilungiselela ngokuzimela kwakhe, ubukrelekrele kunye nokuqonda. Ukutshata inkosana yakhe kwajika i-Belle isuka kumntu oqhelekileyo ibe yinkosazana, kodwa kwakungekho mathandabuzo okuba uBelle ngewayelungile ukuba wayengazange atshate konke konke. Wayeza kufa engatshatanga kwaye onwabile ngaphambi kokutshata noGaston.
I-Spinsterhood ijongeka ilungile.
UJasmine kunye noAladdin zizibini ezinomdla ngokunjalo. Lo ngomnye wemizekelo yokuqala yenkosazana eyawela into eqhelekileyo apho bobabini inkosazana kunye nomntu oqhelekileyo babengengabo abasebukhosini ngokufihlakeleyo. UJasmine wayesele esisityebi - kwakungekho mfuneko yokuba atshate ngemali. Imfuno ka-Aladdin yokuba yiNkosana u-Ali yazalwa kukungazithembi kwakhe ukuba umfazi onje ngeJasmine akayithandi eyona nguqulelo yakhe, kunye noloyiko lomthetho owawusithi inkosazana kufuneka itshate inkosana. UAladdin yinkosana yokuqala yeDisney yokutshata kwisikhundla sayo sasebukhosini. Ngandlel 'ithile uluhlobo olungaqhelekanga lukaCinderella, osuka kwintlupheko aye kumlingane wasebukhosini ngenxa kaJasmine emkhetha kwaye ecenga uSultan ukuba atshintshe imithetho. Ayikhathazi imicimbi: into yokuba wayehlekisa, emhle, kwaye enekhaphethi ephaphazelayo kunye nokuhlangana kobunini bezilwanyana ezingaqhelekanga njengoJasmine… kulungile, masithembe ukuba uRajah no-Abu bayavana!
Dlala kakuhle, bantwana.
Ngo-1997, iFox Animation Studios yakhululwa Anastasia , Ekhokelwa ngababesakuba ngabasebenzi beDisney uDon Bluth noGary Goldman. Isiseko se Anastasia kukuba u-Anya wase-amnesiac enyanisweni yinkosazana yaseRussia elahlekileyo u-Anastasia. Kukho okungakumbi ebalini kunoko, kodwa apho ibali lisuka kwinkosazana yesiqhelo / ibali lenkosana kuxa ethandana noDimitri, umntu oqhelekileyo, kwaye ukhetha ukuyeka ukudubula ngobomi basebukhosini. Umakhulu wakhe, ekugqibeleni waqiniseka ukuba uAnya ngumzukulwana wakhe ngenene, wagxininisa kuye ukuba ubomi abukhethileyo abuzukuphanga usapho lwakhe ngoku sele befumene omnye nomnye. Emva kokuhlala ubomi bakhe obuninzi obukhunjulwayo njengomntu oqhelekileyo, u-Anastasia ukhetha ukuhlala no-Anya kwaye abe noDimitri. Ke, nangona uDimitri ekhonza indima yothando, kwaye wayenethuba lokuba nenqanaba lakhe liphakanyiswe ngokutshata neNkosazana uAnastasia, ibali lidlula kubukhosi ngokupheleleyo.
Kanye ngexesha lotshintsho kubasebenzi.
Ukuphela kwee-1990's, imixholo yala mabali oopopayi aseMelika ayengaphantsi kakhulu malunga nabasetyhini abakhetha amaqabane abaza kubanyamekela kwaye ngakumbi malunga nabasetyhini abakhetha amaqabane ababecinga ukuba anomdla kwaye anomdla. Ukuba oku kungqinelane neendima eziguqukayo zabasetyhini e-US ngeli xesha akukho ngozi. Abasetyhini banokuba nefuthe kwiibhokisi zeerisithi zeofisi kunye / okanye ukubandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokuyila, kokukhona sinokufumana iinkosana zentliziyo kunye neenwele zefloppy esinokufuna ukudlala nazo, uburharha, kunye nokuzonwabisa okunomdla kubo yeyakho.
EJapan, Inkosazana uMonoke yakhululwa ngo-1999, yaza yasinika iNkosana u-Ashitaka kunye neSan (iNkosazana enguMonkonoke). INkosana u-Ashitaka yayinobuqhawe obuncinci kwaye izinikele ngakumbi ekukhuseleni abantu bayo, kwaye ngelixa yayithatha inxaxheba, iSan yayilulwazelelo lwababini. Okwangoku, eMelika, i-Dreamworks ye-2001 hit Shrek Usinike inkosana eyayiyi-ogre kunye ne-reverse- Omhle kunye nesilwanyana kwisigqibo sikaPrincess Fiona sokwamkela i-ogre yakhe yangaphakathi kwaye ahlale eluhlaza kuShrek. Endaweni yokuba inkosana ijike ishushu kwaye ibe ngumntu, sifumana uFiona esithi kungcono akhululeke kulusu oluhlaza kunokuba lusizi kumntu wakhe. U-Shrek ngokuqinisekileyo uyinkosana encinci enomtsalane, kodwa uFiona uyamthanda njengoko enjalo-kwaye yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
Ukuba luhlaza: kulula kunokuba uKermit watsho.
Ngo-2009, uDisney wayenenkosazana yabo yokuqala emnyama Inkosazana neFrog ’ Inkosazana Tiana. Ngandlela thile, uTiana wayeyiphosile ICinderella Iintsuku kuba wayengenguye owasebukhosini kwaye waba yinkosazana ngokutshata iNkosana uNaveen. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthanda kukaTiana ngomsebenzi onzima kunye nokwenza yedwa kuye kwahluke kakhulu kuCinderella, umoya wobumnene ofuna ukuhlangulwa. Akuzange kube kanye ukuba kuchazwe ukuba uTiana iyafuneka INaveen; Wayesenza kakuhle yedwa, nangona ubomi bakhe babuxakekile kwaye bunoxinzelelo. UTiana noNaveen baxabisana kwaye bathandana ngendlela yexoxo, bobabini boyika ukuba ngekhe baphinde babe ngabantu. Oku kubeka ibali labo lothando kumgangatho olinganayo, kwaye ngexesha baphinde babe ngabantu, izikhundla zabo ebomini azibalulekanga kangako kunomnqweno wabo wokuba zizinyani zabo kwakhona kunye nabanye.
Ndiyathanda ukubiza uNaveen Fun Prince, kuba ubonakala ephumelela emculweni nakwindawo yezentlalo, kwaye kwakucaciswa gca ukuba ii-antics zakhe zamfaka engxakini ngaphambili ngaphambili. Ufana naloo mfana ubufuna ukuthandana naye ekholejini owayehlala kwigumbi lokulala namanye amaqabane amane kwaye wadlala kwiqela, kodwa ufumanise emva kwexesha kunabazali bakhe abanenkampani yeFortune 500 kwaye ebesoloko elala ngokuzonwabisa lonke eli xesha. Kodwa njenge, ngendlela elungileyo, kinda. Ke nangona u-Tiana efumene isikhundla sakhe sasebukhosini eNaveen, bayafunda omnye komnye apha endleleni. Uyifundisa ukuba ixabise izinto ngalo mzuzu, kwaye imnika ukubaluleka koxanduva. Ngokudibeneyo, bakha ikamva eliqulathe zombini.
Ngapha koko, nantsi iWonderwall.
Ngo-2010 Kudidekile lelona ekugqibeleni libethele uphawu kum. Kwaye, ngokubetha uphawu, ndiyathetha, wayenenkosana endicinga ukuba yeyona ishushu. Iikhrayitheriya zam azikho ngqo kwisayensi apha, njengokutsala kwinto engaqondakaliyo ngcono! Kodwa ndiyabathanda abalinganiswa bakaRapunzel noFlynn / u-Eugene ngenxa yeempawu zabo eziphosakeleyo kunye nendlela abafunda ngayo omnye komnye. Umdibaniso wabo mhle ngokusisiseko nguRapunzel emoyikisa ngepani yokumcofa emenza ukuba amthathe aye kubona umboniso we lantern. Kubo bonke ubuhlobo babo, unceda uRapunzel ukuba aqonde ukuba ukuvalelwa ngumama wakhe kwakungalunganga ngelixa enika amava akhe ebomini, kwaye uyamphembelela ekubeni ngumntu olunge ngakumbi, emamele u-Eugene endaweni yokuwela kubengezela UFlynn. Ngaphandle kukaRapunzel, uFlynn akanasikhundla sasebukhosini, ke yena noAladdin banento efanayo, kunye nokudlula kwabo njengabaphuli mthetho namasela. Ngapha koko, kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba ndibelane ngokutsala kukaPrincess Leia kwabahlaziyiweyo abatshintshe kancinci.
Iserfherder ekhangeleka ngathi iyashukuma, iklasi ka-2010?
Ngo-2013 Frozen Ilandela oku kuguqukayo ngokunjalo, kunye nothando luka-Anna noKristoff. UKristoff ungumvuni womkhenkce (ngaba ubhetele okanye ubi ngaphezu kokuba ngumlimi ofumileyo?) Kwaye nabuphi na ubume bexesha elizayo anokuba lilungu losapho lwasebukhosini (uAnna noKristoff abatshatanga njengokuphela kwebhanyabhanya) kuya kuvela kuye umanyano noAna. Uza kujoyina i-Aladdin kunye ne-Eugene njengeenkosana eziqhelekileyo zeDisney. Ngokwenyani kufanele ukuba kube kufutshane kubo ukuba bavuyiswe zizinto ezipholileyo kwibhotwe lasebukhosini apho uAladdin ayinto yonke, Banokutya kunye nesicaka ukuhlamba nje inkawu yasekhaya ! kunye noKristoff unje, ndiyaqikelela ukuba akusafuneki ndiphinde ndivune umkhenkce- udade womfazi wam ngumatshini womkhenkce womntu! Kwaye u-Eugene ufana, Umfazi wam wayenenwele zomlingo ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye ukubalwa kwemisonto kula maphepha asebukhosini? Akukho zicangca! Ndifuna ukubona oku kusenzeka.
OH JEEZ NDIYAXOLISA
Ke, ukuqhubela phambili kweenkosana kusaqhubeka. Le ayisiyiyo indawo ekuyiwa kuyo, kodwa enye indawo yokuma ecaleni kwendlela eya kubandakanywa ngakumbi kunye nophahla lweglasi olaphukileyo. Yintoni elandelayo? Ezinye zezinto endinqwenela ukuzibona kwixesha elizayo ziinzame eziqhubekayo zokwandisa iyantlukwano, kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kwenkosana / inkosana okanye inkosazana / imeko yeenkosazana endaweni yokuhlangana okungaguquguqukiyo kwe-heteronormative esikubonileyo ukusukela kwiminyaka ye-30 Ndiyathetha, ukuba ubetha ifanfiction, sele yenzekile, kodwa nangayo yonke le nkqubela phambili, inokuba lixesha elilungileyo ngaphambi kokuba izitudiyo zifikelele koko abalandeli bafuna ukukubona. Okwangoku, kukho rhoqo Indlela eya e-El Dorado !
USara Goodwin une-BA. Kwimpucuko Yodidi kunye neMA kwiNzululwazi yeLayibrari evela kwiYunivesithi yaseIndiana. Ngenye imini waya kumbiwa kwezinto zakudala kwaye wafumanisa izinto zakudala ezimangalisayo. USara unandipha i-smorgasbord yolonwabo lwe-pan-nerd enje ngefire Renaissance, iindibano ze-anime, i-steampunk, kunye nesayensi kunye neengqungquthela zamaphupha. Ngexesha lakhe lasimahla, ubhala izinto ezinje ngeentsomi zehaiku, iinoveli ezimnandi, kunye nemibongo eyoyikisayo malunga nokuhlaselwa zii-opossum ezinamehlo. Kwelinye ixesha lakhe lokuthengisa, uthengisa i-nerdware njenge Ngeenkozo zoYilo lweTyuwa , Iifayile , kunye Tumbls .
