Iintsomi ngoMvulo: U-Epona, uthixokazi wamaCeltic wamaHashe owoyise iRoma

Ukufunda nokubhala malunga neentsomi kunokuba yinto ephazamisayo. Ukudibanisa ifilosofi apha, kuhlala kufana nomzekeliso womqolomba kuba asizifundi izithixo zoqobo okanye iintsomi ngokwazo, kodwa endaweni yoko zizithunzi abaziphosa kwimbali. Xa sijonga uthixo ovela kwezinye iinkcubeko, sibona iqhezu elincinci kuphela lento lalilikho ibali lokuqala. Yiyo imeko ngothixokazi waseRomano-Celtic uEpona.

AmaCelts ayenenkcubeko entsonkothileyo eyayihlanganisa iminyaka eliwaka kwaye isusela kwi Inkcubeko yeHalstatt empuma eJamani kwiminyaka yobhedu yonke indlela esentshona kwiBritane naseIreland kwaye nkqu usingasiqithi Iberia . Inkcubeko yamaCeltic yayinabile kwaye inzima, inobomi obunzulu bokomoya kunye neentsomi ezazikhokelwa ngamaDruid, awayeqhubeka nesiko lakudala lamabali kunye neenkolelo ezadluliswa ngomlomo kwiminyaka yoqeqesho.

Kodwa isithethe somlomo asithethi nto ukuba amaCelt amandulo ayekholelwa ukuba abhaliwe, kwaye ke imithombo yethu yeentsomi kunye neenkolelo zivela kumaxwebhu esibini, njengamaRoma okanye, nangakumbi asuswe, iimonki ezingamaKristu zibhala kwiinkulungwane emva kwenyani. Yiyo le nto yenza ukuba uEpona abe ngumntu onomdla, kuba ayingomnye wezithixo ezimbalwa zamaCelt esazi kakuhle, kodwa siyamazi kuba watsalwa kwinkcubeko yamaRoma, ukanti asazi ukuba amaCelt ayenqula njani yena.

U-Epona wayenguthixokazi wamaCeltic wamaHashe , owayengene elunqulweni lwamaRoma. Injalo yona inomdla. Xa amaRoma ayephandle apho oyisa wonke umntu kwaye aqubisana nabanye ooThixo, babenotyekelo lokwenza uhlobo oluthile Ungqamaniso , apho babengacingi ukuba nawuphi na uthixo abadibana naye wayengenguye wokwenene, babedla ngokucinga ukuba uthixo wayenguhlobo lothixo wamaRoma. Badibene Brigid kunye neMinerva kunye neOdin nge Imercury , kodwa kwezinye iimeko, kwakungekho thixo abanokuvumelanisa ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, loo thixo wayeza kuba phantsi konqulo lwabo kwaye aphuhlise inkolo yamaRoma.

Yiloo nto esicinga ukuba yenzekile Epona , owayenqulwa ngokubanzi phakathi kwamaCelts aseGaul (iFrance yanamhlanje) kunye neJamani (bekungafuneki ukuba ndikuxelele ukuba iphi). Siqala ukufumana isalathiso samaRoma kuye malunga ne-100 BCE, kodwa eso sisalathiso sokuqala kwaye kukho ubungqina awayebukho ngaphambili koko, kwaye ngokucacileyo wayenembali ende phakathi kwamaCelt njengothixokazi onamandla. Wayeyimazi enkulu kodwa ikwangumphathi wamahashe, kwaye yabanjwa ngamaRoma.

Kwaye iyavakala-amahashe ayebaluleke ngendlela engathethekiyo kumaCelts nakwindlela yabo yokuphila. Amahashe ayenjalo kanjalo ibaluleke kakhulu kumaRoma, ngakumbi imikhosi yamaRoma eyaqala ukudibana nayo Unqulo lukaEpona phakathi kwamaCelt . Njengoko benditshilo, amaRoma akhangela iindlela abathi oothixo bezinye iinkcubeko bazibonakalise ngazo, kodwa kwakungekho nyani wamaRoma wamahashe ngokukodwa. UPoseidon wayenemibutho ye-equine eGrisi, kodwa uNeptune wayeyintombazana yolwandle, ngoko kuyavakala ukuba unqulo lukaEpona lwamkelwa eRoma. Kuba hee, amahashe abaluleke ngokwenene, ke ukuba kukho uthixokazi othanda ukuwagcina, masimngenise esibayeni.

U-Epona wayenqulwa ngokubanzi kwi-Imperial Rome, eneempawu ezivele yonke indawo, ngakumbi kwizitali. Wayenemifanekiso kwisitali sasebukhosini kwaye wayebizwa ngokuba ngu-Epona Augusta, emdibanisa noBukhosi uqobo. Ngaphandle koku, asinamabali amaninzi malunga naye ngaphandle kwakhe Intsomi malunga nokukhulelwa kwakhe apho wazalelwa khona xa indoda yathandana nemazi yehashe. Oku kuvakala kuyinto engaqhelekanga kodwa oku, kwaye i-Epona, iyavakala ngakumbi xa uqonda ngakumbi malunga namaCelt.

Kuninzi esingakwaziyo malunga namaCelt, kodwa siyazi ukuba uninzi loothixokazi bazo lwalunxulunyaniswa nolawulo, oko kuthetha ukuba banika abalawuli ilungelo lokulawula. E-Ireland, izithethe zokuba ngukumkani ngokusondeleyo zazibandakanya oothixokazi, ababedla ngokummela umhlaba ngokwawo, kodwa banokwaziwa njengehashe. Amahashe anokubingelelwa, adliwe, okanye asetyenziswe ngendlela ethile kwiziko elinika ubukumkani, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, bekukho amasiko abandakanya ukumatanisa nokumkani nothixokazi womhlaba, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba wayelihashe okanye umntu, asazi . Kodwa siyazi amahashe, ngakumbi ama-mares, ayenjengomoya welizwe kunye nothixokazi owenziwe ngezinto lonto inkcubeko. Kodwa iGaul neIreland zikude kakhulu.

Asinakukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba u-Epona wakhonza iindima ezifanayo ngenxa yokuba iinkcubeko zeCeltic zazingafani kwaye sithelekisa iintsomi kwiinkulungwane ezahlukeneyo, kodwa eneneni sinokufunda kumaRoma apha. I-syncretism yamaRoma isebenze kuba, ngandlela thile, amaRoma ayelungile ukuba abanye oothixo bengingqi yayiziinguqulelo zoothixo abafanayo abanqulwa eRoma. Oothixo abaninzi kusenokwenzeka ukuba babenookhokho abaqhelekileyo phakathi kwabo IProto-Indo-yaseYurophu . iguquka kwaye ifuduke kwaye itshintshe, kodwa ezinye izinto zihlala zinjalo. Kuyinyani nakumaCelt, kwaye yile ndlela intsomi kunye nokunqula uthixokazi omnye kunokusinceda siqonde ezinye izithixo.

Oko kusidibanisa sibuyele e-Epona, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba wayengoyena mntu ubalaseleyo kumaGallic namaJamani amaCelts kungesithixokazi samahashe. Wayengumntwiso womhlaba kunye nolawulo ... nto leyo eyenza ukuba amaRoma amthande ukuba abe nentsingiselo ethe kratya. Abazange boyise nje imihlaba yamaCeltic, bamkela uthixokazi obalulekileyo owayemele loo mihlaba namandla abantu ukuzilawula, wamenza waseRoma. Kodwa ikwavumela eli cala linye lobuchwephesha beCeltic ukuba linyamezele ngaphaya koloyiso.

Ngelixa ezinye izithixo zamaCelt zilahlekile okanye ziphantse zalibaleka, u-Epona wanyamezela njengaye. AmaCelts kunqabile ukuba enze imifanekiso yoothixo babo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba uEpona waba ngumRoma, sinemifanekiso yakhe emininzi, phantse ihlala ijikelezwe ngamahashe. Nje le mifanekiso yothixokazi evela kwinkcubeko ngokubanzi engabhalanga phantsi amabali abo okanye ukwenza imifanekiso yoothixo bubutyebi. U-Epona unyamezele nangaphaya kweRoma, kumdlalo wevidiyo wazo zonke izinto, apho athe wanikwa igama lakhe kwihashe likaKhonkco kwi Zelda uthotho umdlalo.

U-Epona unomdla hayi nje ngentsomi yakhe, kodwa ngenxa yoko asifundisa kona malunga neentsomi ngokwazo kunye nendlela asikhumbuza ngayo ukuba esingakwaziyo malunga nala thixo kuhlala kungaphezulu koko sikwaziyo.

Siyathemba ukuba uyonwabele le ntsomi ngoMvulo! Esi sihloko size ngombulelo kwisindululo esenziwe ngumvakalisi Ukuhlaziya . Ukuba kukho intsomi ongathanda ukusibona simbe ngakumbi, sazise kwaye ngethemba lokuba siza kuyifumana!

(umfanekiso: Mna, QuartierLatin1968, nge-Wikimedia Commons)

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-UMary Sue unemigaqo-nkqubo engqongqo yokuphawula engavumiyo, kodwa ayikhawulelwanga, ukuthukwa nabani na , Intiyo nentetho egonyamelayo. —