IMisa eliSindise uMculo waseNtshona

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Xa uvula unomathotholo okanye i-Spotify, mhlawumbi uthatha ngokungakhathali izakhiwo zomculo ezenza umculo wasentshona uyintoni: ukuxubana kwezingqisho, ulwakhiwo lwee-chords, amaqhosha. Ukuba awuyiyo imbali yomculo, kulula ukucinga ukuba umculo uhlala uvakala ngendlela, okanye into esondeleyo kuyo, kodwa akunjalo.

Umculo waseNtshona, njengoko sazi njalo, uguqukile kwaye watshintsha kakhulu kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo. Oku kwakuyinyani ngenkulungwane ye-16 xa umculo wawusenza utshintsho olukhulu. Kwafika ixesha ngeli xesha apho abasemagunyeni abalawulayo-iCawa-babengayithandi indlela umculo owawusiya ngayo. Kodwa indoda enye, kunye nobunzima, banokuthi batshintshe iingqondo zabo kwaye basindise umculo njengoko sisazi.

Ukuqonda eli bali kuya kufuna ukuqonda amagama asisiseko omculo: i-monophony, i-homophony kunye ne-polyphony. Zonke ezi zinto zibhekisa kulwakhiwo lomculo. Ukuba uvile ingoma kaGregory, uvile monophony. Ngokwenyani lithetha isandi esinye: ingoma enye kwaye akukho mvumelwano.

Ngoku, i-homophony ithetha ukuba amazwi (okanye izixhobo) avakala inqaku elahlukileyo-ukudala ukuvumelana-kodwa bakwisingqi esinye. Cinga ngengoma yesiqhelo yecawa. Poly i-phony ithetha iingoma ezahlukeneyo kunye nezingqisho ezahlukeneyo zonke zidityaniswa kunye.

Amanye amagama ofuna ukuwaqonda ngamaqabane kunye nokungahambelani. Imvumelwano kuxa udlala amanqaku amabini kunye kwaye zivakala kamnandi-kukuvumelana okuhle. I-Dissonance kuxa zivakala zingathandeki. Ukungavisisani akuyonto imbi emculweni, kudala uxinzelelo kwaye kuvuse imvakalelo. Khawukhumbule oko.

Ngoku, ubukhulu bamaXesha aPhakathi kunye neNkcubeko yoKuqala yoKuqala, i-monophony kunye ne-homophony zazintle kakhulu, ngakumbi kumculo ongcwele owawuthathwa njengowona mculo uphakamileyo. Le yindlela abantu ababethetha ngayo noThixo. Yonke yayifana kakhulu-y kwaye yayincinci, ukuba ikho, i-dissonance kuba i-dissonance yayijongwa njengomculo womtyholi. Ufumana kutheni-iimvakalelo kunye nokuthetha ngokucacileyo kwakumnandi kakhulu!

Kodwa izinto zaqala ukuba zasendle kamva xa kwavela uhlobo olutsha lomculo oculekileyo obandakanya i-polyphony engaphezulu: iMadrigals. I-Madrigals ibandakanya amazwi amaninzi ahamba ngesingqi ezahlukeneyo kunye neengoma ngamanye amaxesha ngamanye amaxesha anokudala ngaphezulu ukungaboni kakuhle . (Babemdaka njengesihogo). Olu hlobo lomculo lwaqala ukwamkelwa ngabaqambi abangcwele kunye neCawa yamaKatolika, ebusweni boHlaziyo lwamaProtestanti phakathi kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithandathu babengenalo.

Ayisiyiyo kuphela dissonance ye-polyphony ebusathana, kodwa ikwenze ukuba kube nzima ukuva nokuqonda izicatshulwa ezingcwele. Ke amagosa eCawa ahlanganisana kwiBhunga laseTrent elineminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo (1545-1563), phakathi kwezinye izinto, egrogrisa ngokuthintela kakhulu i-polyphony yomculo ongcwele.

Ngelo xesha linye, umqambi wegama wayezenzela udumo eRoma, UGiovanni Pierluigi wePalestrina . Omnye wemisebenzi yakhe ngelo xesha yayisisikhumbuzo sikaPopu Marcellus, owayenguPopu malunga nenyanga ngo-1555. UPalestrina waqamba ubunzima ngo-1561, ngokuyalelwa nguPopu omtsha kwaye ilivo lokuba yayintle kakhulu, indibaniselwano egqibeleleyo ye-polyphony, i-homophony kunye nobugcisa obusulungekileyo bomculo, obutshintshe ingqondo yebhunga laseTrent.

Thatha ukumamela kwicandelo lokuqala, i-Kyrie.

Ngoku, eyona yembali irekhodi nantsi, masithi, fuzzy . Asiqinisekanga ukuba nini okanye njani amalungu eBhunga laseTrent bakuva obu bunzima, kodwa ilivo ngokukhawuleza laba lelona culo lomculo elalisindisa i-polyphony ngenkulungwane ye-16.

Ukumamela lo mculo, kulula ukuqonda ukuba kutheni. Intle ngokugqithileyo kwaye ibingafani nento eze phambi kwayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyphony kunye ne-dissonance kuyamangalisa. Cinga ngokukodwa ngokuchasene ne-monophony yengoma kwaye kufana nokuhamba kumnyama nomhlophe ukuya kumbala. Ayisiyobaxo ukuthi ifundiswa abafundi bomculo njengeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo kwimbali yomculo, kuba umculo esiwaziyo namhlanje, ugcwele ukungangqinelani kunye nokwahluka, ngekhe ubekho ngendlela efanayo ngaphandle kwawo.

Ngandlela thile, imbali yomculo waseNtshona yimbali yokunyuka kancinci kokungavisisani eyamkelekileyo. Ukusuka kwi-Palestrina ukuya eVivaldi ukuya eMozart ukuya kuBeethoven the Wagner ukuya eMahler ukuya eSchoenberg, abaqambi bongeze ukungonwabi ngakumbi nangakumbi nokuntsokotha kumculo. Ukuba iCawe belunqande olu hlobo lomculo emva kwemini, umculo esiwaziyo, kunye nehlabathi lethu, kunokuba yinto enesithukuthezi ngakumbi.

Kungenzeka ukuba iCawe inokuthi ibuye kwi-polyphony ngaphandle kobunzima okanye impembelelo kaPalestrina, kodwa iphulaphule Missa , isiqwenga somculo onokukholelwa ukuba besimnandi kakhulu sigcina umculo kwikamva, ngokuqinisekileyo ikhuthaza ukholo kwimbono. Kwaye yanika abantu ngamandla okholo ukuba umculo ungangaphezulu.

Ngaba ufuna amanye amabali anje? Yiba ngumbhalisi kwaye uxhase indawo!

-UMary Sue unemigaqo-nkqubo engqongqo yokuphawula engavumiyo, kodwa ayikhawulelwanga, ukuthukwa nabani na , Intiyo nentetho egonyamelayo. —